Schedule III drugs are classified as substances with a potential for abuse less than Schedule I and II drugs, but more than Schedule IV. They have a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. Abuse of these drugs may lead to moderate or low physical dependence or high psychological dependence. Here are some examples of Schedule III drugs:
- Stimulants: Such as benzphetamine and phendimetrazine.
- Depressants: Including products like ketamine and FDA-approved oxybate products.
- Narcotics: Containing limited amounts of codeine, dihydrocodeine, and buprenorphine¹.
- Anabolic Steroids: Various anabolic steroids are listed as Schedule III substances.
- Hallucinogens: Like dronabinol in sesame oil and encapsulated in soft gelatin capsules.
These drugs are considered to have a lower risk of dependency compared to Schedule I and II drugs, but still require regulation due to their potential for abuse and dependence.
The differences between Schedule I, II, and III drugs are based on their potential for abuse, risk of dependency, and accepted medical use as determined by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA):
- Schedule I Drugs:
- These drugs are considered to have a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use.
- They are not considered safe to use even under medical supervision.
- Examples include heroin, LSD, marijuana (cannabis), peyote, methaqualone, and Ecstasy (MDMA) [1].
- Schedule II/IIN Drugs (2/2N):
- These substances also have a high potential for abuse which may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence.
- However, they are considered to have some accepted medical uses.
- Examples include certain narcotic, stimulant, and depressant drugs [1].
- Schedule III/IIIN Drugs (3/3N):
- These drugs have a lower potential for abuse than Schedule I or II drugs.
- The risk of developing physical or psychological dependence is considered low to moderate.
- They have accepted medical uses and include medications such as Ketamine and anabolic steroids [1].
It’s important to note that these classifications can influence legal penalties, prescribing practices, and research opportunities related to these substances.